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Allopurinol associated SCAR (severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction) including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) has been shown to be associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B*58:01 of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The MHC family of genes codes for a highly variable set of cell surface glycoproteins (HLAs) that play a critical role in presenting antigens to T-cell receptors to elicit an immune response. The presence of the HLA B*58:01 allele increases the susceptibility to allopurinol SCAR in several populations studied.