Use

Beta-2-microglobulin is a small membrane protein associated with class I major histocompatibility complex proteins and is present on the surface of all nucleated cells. Its levels are elevated in diseases with increased cell turnover such as hematologic malignancies, and certain benign conditions like chronic inflammation, liver disease, and kidney dysfunction. In multiple myeloma, beta-2-microglobulin acts as a strong prognostic factor; levels below 4 mcg/mL indicate a favorable prognosis. It is also used in evaluating renal tubular disorders, where serum levels are low, and urinary levels are high.