Heartland Virus, RNA, Molecular Detection, PCR, Spinal Fluid

Casandra

Casandra Test Code MC51443Version 1 (DRAFT)

Performing Lab

Lab Mayo Clinic LabLab Test ID HRTVCCPT Code 87798

Heartland Virus, RNA, Molecular Detection, PCR, Spinal Fluid

Clinical Use

Use

Aiding in the diagnosis of central nervous system infection caused by Heartland virus using spinal fluid specimens. Heartland virus (HRTV) disease is an emerging zoonosis, transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Amblyomma americanum (Lone Star) ticks. Detection of HRTV nucleic acid in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a marker for central nervous system infection caused by this virus. It is important for providing prognostic information and guiding treatment decisions, as there is no targeted antiviral therapy available and treatment remains supportive.

Special Instructions

Patients with a history of symptoms for more than 1 week may be negative by molecular tests (ie, real-time polymerase chain reaction) and may require serologic testing, which is available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Microbiology Test Request (T244) with the specimen.

Limitations

Heartland virus nucleic acid may be detectable only during the first week following symptom onset; thus, molecular testing should be performed within this time frame. Negative results after this period may not rule out infection, and serologic testing may be necessary. False negatives may occur if samples are collected more than 7 days post-symptom onset. The test is qualitative and reports as either positive or negative. Results should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical presentation and exposure history.

Test Details

New York Approved