Multiple Myeloma Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) by Flow Cytometry, Bone Marrow
Use
This test is used to detect low levels of measurable residual disease (MRD) in multiple myeloma patients who have undergone treatment. It is crucial for confirming whether remission has been achieved, as the presence of even low levels of residual disease after therapy is a significant prognostic factor. A greater depth of response, indicated by fewer malignant cells, correlates with longer time to progression and improved overall survival. The test employs high-sensitivity flow cytometry under EuroFlow guidelines, and its sensitivity can achieve detection limits as low as 0.001% depending on the antigenic profile of the abnormal plasma cells.
Special Instructions
This test is not directly orderable. It is only available as a reflex test. The testing process uses EuroFlow guidelines and Cytognos software. An interpretive report is provided and includes correlation with the patient's clinical history as interpreted by a hematopathologist.
Limitations
There are situations in which gating strategies may not adequately identify abnormal plasma cells, especially when there is minimal phenotypic difference from normal cells. Therapeutic antibody treatments, such as anti-CD38, may also affect antigen expression, complicating detection. Specimen handling, such as aging, and volume can influence assay sensitivity. The test offers robust detection thresholds that meet or exceed NCCN and EuroFlow recommendations, but sample quality and volume are critical for accurate interpretation.
New York Approved
Methodology
Cell-based / Cytometry (Flow Cytometry)
Biomarkers
LOINC Codes
- 93022-2
- 93021-4
- 93020-6
- 38257-2
- 93019-8
- 93018-0
- 93017-2
- 101131-1
- 101130-3
- 101129-5
- 87706-8
- 101128-7
- 74226-2
Result Turnaround Time
2-4 days
Related Documents
For more information, please review the documents below
Specimen
Bone Marrow
Volume
4 mL
Minimum Volume
2 mL
Container
Preferred: Yellow top (ACD solution A or B); Acceptable: Lavender top (EDTA)
Collection Instructions
Specimen should be bone marrow redirected from the primary collection for analysis. Ensure proper labeling and handling as per protocol.
Storage Instructions
Ambient temperature is preferred for 72 hours, alternative is refrigeration for the same duration.
Causes for Rejection
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.
Stability Requirements
| Temperature | Period |
|---|---|
| Room Temperature | 72 hours |
| Refrigerated | 72 hours |