Hu, Yo, and Ri Antibodies with Reflex to Titers and Western Blot, CSF
Use
This test screens cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for paraneoplastic autoantibodies—specifically ANNA1 (Hu), PCA1 (Yo), and ANNA2 (Ri)—which are associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (e.g., paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, sensory neuropathy), aiding in diagnosis of autoimmune neurological disorders.
Special Instructions
Reflex testing is performed: if the initial screening immunofluorescence assay (IFA) yields positive or suspicious results for Hu, Yo, or Ri antibodies, reflex testing includes titer determination and confirmatory Western blot, at additional charge.
Limitations
Technical and interpretive limitations are typical for immunofluorescence-based screening: weak or nonspecific staining may lead to equivocal results; antibody detection may vary based on CSF quality or concentration; reflex testing depends on initial IFA findings, so very low-level antibodies might not be reflexed without suspicious initial pattern. Clinical interpretation should consider these factors and correlate with clinical context.
Methodology
Immunoassay (IHC)
Biomarkers
Result Turnaround Time
3-14 days
Related Documents
For more information, please review the documents below
Specimen
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Volume
Not provided
Minimum Volume
Not provided