Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Also known as: Breast, Breast Cyst Fluids, Lymph Nodes, Salivary Gland, Thyroid
Use
Diagnose primary or metastatic malignant neoplasms; differential diagnosis of benign versus malignant processes
Special Instructions
Include patient's name, date of birth, Social Security number, source, previous malignancy, drug therapy, radiation therapy, and all other pertinent clinical information on the test request form. It is recommended to perform an aspirate only on a palpable mass. 'Blind' sticks are discouraged except under radiologic guidance. A minimum of two separate passes should be done to ensure an adequate sample. Specify specimen source, clinical history, and clinical impression on the form. For suspected infectious cases, submit a portion of the specimen to microbiology in sterile medium.
Limitations
The accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology depends on the quality and adequacy of the specimen collected. Inadequate specimens can result in false-negative diagnoses. The procedure is less reliable for distinguishing between certain benign and malignant conditions and might not detect every type of neoplasm. Air drying, improper fixation, and improper labeling can lead to rejected samples. FNAC is limited in assessing the architecture of the tissue, which sometimes requires biopsy for comprehensive evaluation. Confirmatory tests may be required for definitive diagnosis.
Methodology
Other
Biomarkers
LOINC Codes
- 11552-7
- 22633-2
- 52797-8
- 33718-8
- 22638-1
- 22636-5
- 22634-0
- 22635-7
Result Turnaround Time
1 day
Related Documents
For more information, please review the documents below
Specimen
Other
Volume
Not provided
Minimum Volume
Not provided
Container
Slide(s), Coplin jar(s)
Collection Instructions
Use a small gauge needle to avoid dilution with blood. Immobilize the palpable mass, insert the needle, create negative pressure, and use short 'in-and-out' motions. Express material on slides, fix immediately in 95% ethyl alcohol. For cysts, use balanced salt solution and 50% ethanol. Details about the syringe and pressure management are crucial for proper sample collection.
Patient Preparation
Avoid aspirating local anesthetic into the needle to prevent dilution.
Storage Instructions
Refrigerate
Causes for Rejection
Improper labeling; improper fixation; air-drying artifact; expired container