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Detection of gastric parietal cell antibodies of the IgG class in human sera. Autoantibodies to gastric parietal cells are found in approximately 90% of patients with pernicious anemia and in about 30% of first degree relatives of patients with pernicious anemia. Increased levels of gastric parietal cells have been found in patients with thyroid disease, iron deficiency anemia, alopecia areata, and vitiligo.