Insulin Autoantibodies (IAA) (Endocrine Sciences)
Also known as: IAA, Insulin Antibodies
Use
Type 1 diabetes is primarily caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. The clinical onset often occurs after about 80-90% of the beta cells have been destroyed. The presence of circulating autoantibodies against islet cell antigens, such as insulin, provides early evidence of autoimmune activity. Measuring these autoantibodies aids in predicting, diagnosing, and managing patients with diabetes, particularly in insulin-naive young individuals, where almost 100% prevalence is observed in young children developing type 1 diabetes.
Special Instructions
Antibodies to insulin are predominantly found in young children developing type 1 diabetes. Their presence increases the predictive value when measured with other autoantibodies, such as GAD and IA-2. No radioactive isotopes should be administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture to avoid rejection of the specimen.
Limitations
This test cannot be used exclusively to diagnose diabetes or determine treatment outcomes. It is most reliable in insulin-naive young individuals and less so in adults with onset of type 1 diabetes. Additional confirmatory tests may be necessary when using frozen samples, which could delay results.
Methodology
Immunoassay (RIA)
Biomarkers
LOINC Codes
- 8072-1
- 8072-1
Result Turnaround Time
7-12 days
Related Documents
For more information, please review the documents below
Specimen
Serum
Volume
0.5 mL
Minimum Volume
0.2 mL
Container
Red-top tube or gel-barrier tube
Collection Instructions
Transfer the serum into a LabCorp PP transpak frozen purple tube with screw cap (LabCorp N° 49482). Freeze immediately and maintain frozen until tested.
Patient Preparation
No radioactive isotopes should be administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture.
Storage Instructions
Freeze
Causes for Rejection
Radioactive isotopes administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture
Stability Requirements
| Temperature | Period |
|---|---|
| Room Temperature | 2 days |
| Refrigerated | 3 days |
| Frozen | 2 years |